Corporate Ethical Issues and Ensuing Influence-Case Study...

Corporate Ethical Issues and Ensuing influence-Case study of Murdochs phone hacking scandal 1. Research Background The business ethics refers to the ethics of enterprise operation. Not only for the enterprises, all organizations related to business are supposed to have ethical issues. As long as the groups of people are having business activities,there are always exist ethical issues in essence(Drucker,1981,pp66). A moral enterprise should pay attention to the human nature,avoid conflict and friction with the society,actively take the behavior beneficial to society. The concept of business ethics is emerged in the United States in the 70s, Japanese have also started the research on enterprise ethics issues in recent years. Some people†¦show more content†¦There are three research questions the researcher wants to analyze during this thesis:  · What is the definition for business ethics?  · What are the impacts of business ethics on consumer awareness?  · How the business ethics issues effect consumer purchasing behaviour? 2. The Significance of this Paper Business ethics from the analysis of business nature and prophase of business activities, provided people the ethical business conduct code of judging if the business activities accord with moral criterion. The enterprise ethics is the conduct code sum total of dealing the relationship between enterprise internal employees, enterprise and society as well as the enterprise and the customers(Clark,2003,pp36).The current enterprise in order to pursue the economic profit ignored its social member identity and social benefit goal.Meanwhile,because they are excessively pursuing profit, many enterprises produced some immoral marketing activities, such as fake mimicking phenomena, price discrimination, false price, false propaganda and the phenomenon such as environmental pollution,etc. These immoral behavior not only harm the legitimate

Switching to Electronic Health Records - 1754 Words

RUNNING HEAD: MY ADVOCATING IN SWITCHING TO EHR My Advocating in Switching to HER By: Amber M. Cadieux American Intercontinental University Online January 7, 2011 Abstract The scenario for this assignment has asked me as a health care employee to provide information on electronic health records. The information I include should provide positive and effective feedback to convince the medical management staff to switch their current record filing system which happens to be paper records to electronic filing. EHR Continuity of Care and Coordination The staff employed in a medical facility depends on many things to keep the quality of patient care in the positive and efficient. Physicians and nursing need the current and most†¦show more content†¦Other patient information you may find is documentation for any allergies the patient may have. Insurance information will be noted if the patient is covered were you will find the provider, the billing address, and the patient’s policy number. There will be many different forms in this system that are used to document things such as the patient’s family history, diagnostic results, immunization records, past and present medications taken and the effectiveness of them, and of course there will be doctors notes for any office visits and hospitalizations. In the doctors notes and hospitalization notes you will find documentation for medical conditions or diseases the patient may have had in the past or has presently. Last but certainly not least there will be the common release and authorization forms, there may be advanced directives or living wills on file if the patient has completed them and other relevant information that staff and medical facilities may need to provide quality care for the patient. (Whatis.com, 2008). The Disadvantage in EHR? With and pro there is a con in most situations and this too is true when it comes to having an EHR system. One of the cons is the amount of cost it has on a facility to do this that includes things like the cost to switch, train, and purchase the system. The average cost to invest normally rates close to ten-thousand dollars per physician employed in a facility. AfterShow MoreRelatedThe Health Information Exchange And Hie983 Words   |  4 Pagesparticular is that of the patients’ health care records and how they are written as well as being stored. In this paper I will be discussing the evolution of this process via the Health Information Exchange or HIE. This will involve the history of the system, problems that are involved in this evolution, as well as the security issues that will need to be addressed when moving from different types of records. A lot of things have evolved when it comes to patient records in the medical field. In medicalRead MoreThe Health Information Exchange And Hie1462 Words   |  6 Pagesparticular is that of the patients’ health care records and how they are written as well as being stored. In this paper I will be discussing the evolution of this process via the Health Information Exchange or HIE. This will involve the history of the system, problems that are involved in this evolution, as well as the security issues that will need to be addressed when moving from different types of records. A lot of things have evolved when it comes to patient records in the medical field. In medicalRead MoreThe Principles Of Goal Setting996 Words   |  4 Pagesindustry. The HIS department identified the need to create an achievement to reach the goal of switching from paper patient records to paperless electronic patient records. Due to the change in technology, new coding for diseases (ICD-10) it was imperative to remain up to date in their processes. 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The EHR includes the Following data sets: demographics, progress notes, problems, medication list, vital signs, past medical history, family history, social history, immunizations, laboratory data and radiologyRead MoreThe Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act Essay1704 Words   |  7 PagesThe Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, most commonly known as HIPAA, was passed by Congress and signed by President Bill Clinton on August 21, 1996. The purpose of this act was to regulate the privacy of patient health information, lower the cost of health care, as well as to help fix the many pieces of our complicated healthcare system. When switching employers or possibly losing employment, HIPAA secures individuals their health insurance. HIPAA nearly affects all individualsRead MoreElectronic Of The Electronic Health Records Essay1456 Words   |  6 PagesOver the past few years, we have notice a significant change in the workflow of a healthcare organization. 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I want to discuss how the use of computers, electronic medical records and otherRead MoreFice Of Immunizations Within The Bureau Of Communicable Diseases812 Words   |  4 PagesImmunizations within the Bureau of Communicable Diseases in the Department of Public Health of State X and county public health agencies collect immunization data from public and private healthcare providers (O’Carroll, Yasnoff, Ward, Ripp Martin, 2010). These two agencies currently do not have a uniform data standard for collecting and reporting immunization data. 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Part Two Chapter V Free Essays

V Alison Jenkins, the journalist from the Yarvil and District Gazette, had at last established which of the many Weedon households in Yarvil housed Krystal. It had been difficult: nobody was registered to vote at the address and no landline number was listed for the property. Alison visited Foley Road in person on Sunday, but Krystal was out, and Terri, suspicious and antagonistic, refused to say when she would be back or confirm that she lived there. We will write a custom essay sample on Part Two Chapter V or any similar topic only for you Order Now Krystal arrived home a mere twenty minutes after the journalist had departed in her car, and she and her mother had another row. ‘Why din’t ya tell her to wait? She was gonna interview me abou’ the Fields an’ stuff!’ ‘Interview you? Fuck off. Wha’ the fuck for?’ The argument escalated and Krystal walked out again, off to Nikki’s, with Terri’s mobile in her tracksuit bottoms. She frequently made off with this phone; many rows were triggered by her mother demanding it back and Krystal pretending that she didn’t know where it was. Dimly, Krystal hoped that the journalist might know the number somehow and call her directly. She was in a crowded, jangling cafe in the shopping centre, telling Nikki and Leanne all about the journalist, when the mobile rang. †Oo? Are you the journalist, like?’ ‘†¦ o’s ‘at †¦ ‘erri?’ ‘It’s Krystal. ‘Oo’s this?’ ‘†¦ ‘m your †¦ ‘nt †¦ other †¦ ‘ister.’ †Oo?’ shouted Krystal. One finger in the ear not pressed against the phone, she wove her way between the densely packed tables to reach a quieter place. ‘Danielle,’ said the woman, loud and clear on the other end of the telephone. ‘I’m yer mum’s sister.’ ‘Oh, yeah,’ said Krystal, disappointed. Fuckin’ snobby bitch, Terri always said when Danielle’s name came up. Krystal was not sure that she had ever met Danielle. ‘It’s abou’ your Great Gran.’ †Oo?’ ‘Nana Cath,’ said Danielle impatiently. Krystal reached the balcony overlooking the shopping centre forecourt; reception was strong here; she stopped. ‘Wha’s wrong with ‘er?’ said Krystal. It felt as though her stomach was flipping over, the way it had done as a little girl, turning somersaults on a railing like the one in front of her. Thirty feet below, the crowds surged, carrying plastic bags, pushing buggies and dragging toddlers. ‘She’s in South West General. She’s been there a week. She’s had a stroke.’ ‘She’s bin there a week?’ said Krystal, her stomach still swooping. ‘Nobody told us.’ ‘Yeah, well, she can’t speak prop’ly, but she’s said your name twice.’ ‘Mine?’ asked Krystal, clutching the mobile tightly. ‘Yeah. I think she’d like to see yeh. It’s serious. They’re sayin’ she migh’ not recover.’ ‘Wha’ ward is it?’ asked Krystal, her mind buzzing. ‘Twelve. High-dependency. Visiting hours are twelve till four, six till eight. All righ’?’ ‘Is it – ?’ ‘I gotta go. I only wanted to let you know, in case you want to see her. ‘Bye.’ The line went dead. Krystal lowered the mobile from her ear, staring at the screen. She pressed a button repeatedly with her thumb, until she saw the word ‘blocked’. Her aunt had withheld her number. Krystal walked back to Nikki and Leanne. They knew at once that something was wrong. ‘Go an’ see ‘er,’ said Nikki, checking the time on her own mobile. ‘Yeh’ll ge’ there fer two. Ge’ the bus.’ ‘Yeah,’ said Krystal blankly. She thought of fetching her mother, of taking her and Robbie to go and see Nana Cath too, but there had been a huge row a year before, and her mother and Nana Cath had had no contact since. Krystal was sure that Terri would take an immense amount of persuading to go to the hospital, and was not sure that Nana Cath would be happy to see her. It’s serious. They’re saying she might not recover. †Ave yeh gor enough cash?’ said Leanne, rummaging in her pockets as the three of them walked up the road towards the bus stop. ‘Yeah,’ said Krystal, checking. ‘It’s on’y a quid up the hospital, innit?’ They had time to share a cigarette before the number twenty-seven arrived. Nikki and Leanne waved her off as though she were going somewhere nice. At the very last moment, Krystal felt scared and wanted to shout ‘Come with me!’ But then the bus pulled away from the kerb, and Nikki and Leanne were already turning away, gossiping. The seat was prickly, covered in some old smelly fabric. The bus trundled onto the road that ran by the precinct and turned right into one of the main thoroughfares that led through all the big-name shops. Fear fluttered inside Krystal’s belly like a foetus. She had known that Nana Cath was getting older and frailer, but somehow, vaguely, she had expected her to regenerate, to return to the heyday that had seemed to last so long; for her hair to turn black again, her spine to straighten and her memory to sharpen like her caustic tongue. She had never thought about Nana Cath dying, always associating her with toughness and invulnerability. If she had considered them at all, Krystal would have thought of the deformity to Nana Cath’s chest, and the innumerable wrinkles criss-crossing her face, as honourable scars sustained during her successful battle to survive. Nobody close to Krystal had ever died of old age. (Death came to the young in her mother’s circle, sometimes even before their faces and bodies had become emaciated and ravaged. The body that Krystal had found in the bathroom when she was six had been of a handsome young man, as white and lovely as a statue, or that was how she remembered him. But sometimes she found that memory confusing and doubted it. It was hard to know what to believe. She had often heard things as a child that adults later contradicted and denied. She could have sworn that Terri had said, ‘It was yer dad.’ But then, much later, she had said, ‘Don’ be so silly. Yer dad’s not dead, ‘e’s in Bristol, innee?’ So Krystal had had to try and reattach herself to the idea of Banger, which was what everybody called the man they said was her father. But always, in the background, there had been Nana Cath. She had escaped foster care because of Nana Cath, ready and waiting in Pagford, a strong if uncomfortable safety net. Swearing and furious, she had swooped, equally aggressive to Terri and to the social workers, and taken her equally angry great-granddaughter home. Krystal did not know whether she had loved or hated that little house in Hope Street. It was dingy and it smelt of bleach; it gave you a hemmed-in feeling. At the same time, it was safe, entirely safe. Nana Cath would only let approved individuals in through the door. There were old-fashioned bath cubes in a glass jar on the end of the bath.) What if there were other people at Nana Cath’s bedside, when she got there? She would not recognize half her own family, and the idea that she might come across strangers tied to her by blood scared her. Terri had several half-sisters, products of her father’s multiple liaisons, whom even Terri had never met; but Nana Cath tried to keep up with them all, doggedly maintaining contact with the large disconnected family her sons had produced. Occasionally, over the years, relatives Krystal did not recognize had turned up at Nana Cath’s while she was there. Krystal thought that they eyed her askance and said things about her under their voices to Nana Cath; she pretended not to notice and waited for them to leave, so that she could have Nana Cath to herself again. She especially disliked the idea that there were any other children in Nana Cath’s life. (†Oo are they?’ Krystal had asked Nana Cath when she was nine, pointing jealously at a framed photograph of two boys in Paxton High uniforms on Nana Cath’s sideboard. ‘Them’s two o’ my great-grandsons,’ said Nana Cath. ‘Tha’s Dan and tha’s Ricky. They’re your cousins.’ Krystal did not want them as cousins, and she did not want them on Nana Cath’s sideboard. ‘An’ who’s tha’?’ she demanded, pointing at a little girl with curly golden hair. ‘Tha’s my Michael’s little girl, Rhiannon, when she were five. Beau’iful, weren’t she? Bu’ she wen’ an’ married some wog,’ said Nana Cath. There had never been a photograph of Robbie on Nana Cath’s sideboard. Yeh don’t even know who the father is, do yeh, yer whore? I’m washin’ my ‘ands of yeh. I’ve ‘ad enough, Terri, I’ve ‘ad it: you can look after it yourself.) The bus trundled on through town, past all the Sunday afternoon shoppers. When Krystal had been small, Terri had taken her into the centre of Yarvil nearly every weekend, forcing her into a pushchair long past the age when Krystal needed it, because it was so much easier to hide nicked stuff with a pushchair, push it down under the kid’s legs, hide it under the bags in the basket under the seat. Sometimes Terri would go on tandem shoplifting trips with the sister she spoke to, Cheryl, who was married to Shane Tully. Cheryl and Terri lived four streets away from each other in the Fields, and petrified the air with their language when they argued, which was frequently. Krystal never knew whether she and her Tully cousins were supposed to be on speaking terms or not, and no longer bothered keeping track, but she spoke to Dane whenever she ran across him. They had shagged, once, after splitting a bottle of cider out on the rec when they were fourteen. Neither of them had ever ment ioned it afterwards. Krystal was hazy on whether or not it was legal, doing your cousin. Something Nikki had said had made her think that maybe it wasn’t. The bus rolled up the road that led to the main entrance of South West General, and stopped twenty yards from an enormous long rectangular grey and glass building. There were patches of neat grass, a few small trees and a forest of signposts. Krystal followed two old ladies out of the bus and stood with her hands in her tracksuit pockets, looking around. She had already forgotten what kind of ward Danielle had told her Nana Cath was on; she recalled only the number twelve. She approached the nearest signpost with a casual air, squinting at it almost incidentally: it bore line upon line of impenetrable print, with words as long as Krystal’s arm and arrows pointing left, right, diagonally. Krystal did not read well; being confronted with large quantities of words made her feel intimidated and aggressive. After several surreptitious glances at the arrows, she decided that there were no numbers there at all, so she followed the two old ladies towards the double glass doors at the front of the main building. The foyer was crowded and more confusing than the signposts. There was a bustling shop, which was separated from the main hall by floor to ceiling windows; there were rows of plastic chairs, which seemed to be full of people eating sandwiches; there was a packed cafe in the corner; and a kind of hexagonal counter in the middle of the floor, where women were answering enquiries as they checked their computers. Krystal headed there, her hands still in her pockets. ‘Where’s ward twelve?’ Krystal asked one of the women in a surly voice. ‘Third floor,’ said the woman, matching her tone. Krystal did not want to ask anything else out of pride, so she turned and walked away, until she spotted lifts at the far end of the foyer and entered one going up. It took her nearly fifteen minutes to find the ward. Why didn’t they put up numbers and arrows, not these stupid long words? But then, walking along a pale green corridor with her trainers squeaking on the linoleum floor, someone called her name. ‘Krystal?’ It was her aunt Cheryl, big and broad in a denim skirt and tight white vest, with banana-yellow black-rooted hair. She was tattooed from her knuckles to the tops of her thick arms, and wore multiple gold hoops like curtain rings in each ear. There was a can of Coke in her hand. ‘She ain’ bothered, then?’ said Cheryl. Her bare legs were planted firmly apart, like a sentry guard. †Oo?’ ‘Terri. She din’ wanna come?’ ‘She don’ know ye’. I on’y jus’ ‘eard. Danielle called an’ tole me.’ Cheryl ripped off the ring-pull and slurped Coke, her tiny eyes sunken in a wide, flat face that was mottled like corned beef, scrutinizing Krystal over the top of the can. ‘I tole Danielle ter call yeh when it ‘appened. Three days she were lyin’ in the ‘ouse, and no one fuckin’ found ‘er. The state of ‘er. Fuckin’ ‘ell.’ Krystal did not ask Cheryl why she herself had not walked the short distance to Foley Road to tell Terri the news. Evidently the sisters had fallen out again. It was impossible to keep up. ‘Where is she?’ asked Krystal. Cheryl led the way, her flip-flops making a slapping noise on the floor. ‘Hey,’ she said, as they walked. ‘I ‘ad a call fr’m a journalist about you.’ ‘Didja?’ ‘She give me a number.’ Krystal would have asked more questions, but they had entered a very quiet ward, and she was suddenly frightened. She did not like the smell. Nana Cath was almost unrecognizable. One side of her face was terribly twisted, as though the muscles had been pulled with a wire. Her mouth dragged to one side; even her eye seemed to droop. There were tubes taped to her, a needle in her arm. Lying down, the deformity in her chest was much more obvious. The sheet rose and fell in odd places, as if the grotesque head on its scrawny neck protruded from a barrel. When Krystal sat down beside her, Nana Cath made no movement. She simply gazed. One little hand trembled slightly. ‘She ain’ talkin’, bu’ she said yer name, twice, las’ nigh’,’ Cheryl told her, staring gloomily over the rim of her can. There was a tightness in Krystal’s chest. She did not know whether it would hurt Nana Cath to hold her hand. She edged her own fingers to within a few inches of Nana Cath’s, but let them rest on the bedspread. ‘Rhiannon’s bin in,’ said Cheryl. ‘An’ John an’ Sue. Sue’s tryin’ ter get hold of Anne-Marie.’ Krystal’s spirits leapt. ‘Where is she?’ she asked Cheryl. ‘Somewhere out Frenchay way. Y’know she’s got a baby now?’ ‘Yeah, I ‘eard,’ said Krystal. ‘Wha’ was it?’ ‘Dunno,’ said Cheryl, swigging Coke. Someone at school had told her: Hey, Krystal, your sister’s up the duff! She had been excited by the news. She was going to be an auntie, even if she never saw the baby. All her life, she had been in love with the idea of Anne-Marie, who had been taken away before Krystal was born; spirited into another dimension, like a fairy-tale character, as beautiful and mysterious as the dead man in Terri’s bathroom. Nana Cath’s lips moved. ‘Wha’?’ said Krystal, bending low, half scared, half elated. ‘D’yeh wan’ somethin’, Nana Cath?’ asked Cheryl, so loudly that whispering guests at other beds stared over. Krystal could hear a wheezing, rattling noise, but Nana Cath seemed to be making a definite attempt to form a word. Cheryl was leaning over the other side, one hand gripping the metal bars at the head of the bed. ‘†¦ Oh †¦ mm,’ said Nana Cath. ‘Wha’?’ said Krystal and Cheryl together. The eyes had moved millimetres: rheumy, filmy eyes, looking at Krystal’s smooth young face, her open mouth, as she leaned over her great-grandmother, puzzled, eager and fearful. ‘†¦ owin †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ said the cracked old voice. ‘She dunno wha’ she’s sayin’,’ Cheryl shouted over her shoulder at the timid couple visiting at the next bed. ‘Three days lef’ on the fuckin’ floor, ‘s’not surprisin’, is it?’ But tears had blurred Krystal’s eyes. The ward with its high windows dissolved into white light and shadow; she seemed to see a flash of bright sunlight on dark green water, fragmented into brilliant shards by the splashing rise and fall of oars. ‘Yeah,’ she whispered to Nana Cath. ‘Yeah, I goes rowin’, Nana.’ But it was no longer true, because Mr Fairbrother was dead. How to cite Part Two Chapter V, Essay examples

Disease Prevention and Infection Management

Question: Discuss about the Disease Prevention and Infection Management. Answer: Gold Coast environment Gold Coast is a city of South Brisbane in Queensland, located on the east cost of the Australia. It is famous for surfing spots, sandy beaches, waterways and inland canals. The Gold Coast climate is humid with hot summers and warm winters. Winter season is pleasant with little rainfall. During summer, it experiences heavy thundershower and rain sometimes lasts up to few weeks. Almost 10millions of tourists visit Gold Coast annually, which contribute to more than $5billion to the citys financial improvement per year (Cooper Lemckert, 2012). The tourists are attracted due to Gold Coasts beaches, convenient transport facilities, recreational activities and sports. It represented two national level competitions, namely Rugby league football and Australian rules football since 2007 and 2011, respectively. Initially, the town was named as South Coast, but, due to price rise for goods, services and real estate, the name was changed to Gold Coast. The area demonstrated an evolving collabora tive surroundings for the mixed use of knowledge and health activities and benefits from more than almost $5billion in local development. The Parklands area has been recognized as the location for 2018Commonwealth Games ("Parklands Project", 2016). As a public health advisor, it is important to establish processes in order to manage probable risks linked with such major events. This is because such events experience influx of international and local athletes, visitors, support staff and tourists. The population expand during the month of April and place major stress on local infrastructure, which in turn increase public health risks, especially infectious diseases. The diseases spread from one individual to another and thereby, called communicable disease. The causes of spreading include touch, coughing, sneezing, sharing same towel and so on. Influenza, tuberculosis, measles, chicken pox are some communicable disease. During any event, sell of street foods likely to increase. Uncov er foods and water more prone to be contaminated with various germs and thereby, increase the chance of disease spread (Bennett, Dolin, Blaser, 2014). The contamination may cause due to preparation of foods in unhygienic ways, including storing and serving, using dirty utensils, dirty hands. Also, houseflies transfer germs from waste to food. Infrastructure associated with infection control and management Infection control and management considers factors associated with spread of infection, prevention, surveillance and management. Communicable diseases still remain a major public health issue in Australia and across the globe. The problems that are prevalent in Australia are diverse and include foodborne virus, occurrence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria, vector-borne disease, vaccine preventable disease and sexually transmitted disease. The health care advisors and respective authoritative bodies like Office of Health Protection are engaged in various activities in order to diminish the prevalence of infections and their spread, which in turn would reduce the economic and social impact of the communicable diseases. These bodies hold major roles as developer, implementer and co-ordinator of nationalized actions in response to disease outbreaks and also act as leaders in developing effective practice guidelines and public health policies. Miller Palenik, (2014) in this regard have mentioned that a nationalised perspective could be obtained through various networks like Communicable Disease Network in Australia. The public health advisors should provide policy and technical advice on infectious diseases in order to ensure best practices in public health services. Extensive international and national networking facilities have access to various expertise in the field of infectious diseases, which in turn ensures timely and appropriate responses towards disease outbreaks. This includes high quality inputs and national significance to public health policy, programs and decision-making. Complying with the Quarantine Act (1908), involvement in human health administration along with close connection with the inspection services, Australia strengthens multidirectional approach of the public health advisors multidirectional approaches towards disease control ("Quarantine Act 1908", 2016). The present infrastructure related to infection control and management includes two major objectives: improved prevention, identification and response to communicable disease and improved delivery and organization of infectious disease control (Zingg et al., 2015). These in turn would support the delivery of a national and integrated infectious disease response. The present structure does not alter the accountabilities of the territory and Australian governments rather it focuses on the prioritisation and coordination of the major system elements. The present structure recognises the direction for opportunities and changes for the actions to reinforce the present system. Major diseases of concern and their relevant etiology and epidemiology Major diseases of concerns are could be respiratory tract infection, measles, diarrhoea, cholera and many more. Respiratory tract infections like sore throats, cold, laryngitis and sinusitis are caused due to viruses. Bacteria could also cause respiratory tract infections that include whooping cough and pneumonia. Sometimes, bacteria could also cause second time infection after a viral attack. Fever with heavy coughing, chest pain and pain between the shoulders are prominent in pneumonia. Environmental risks associated with respiratory infection include poor hygiene and over-crowded area. Pneumonia and influenza may cause severe issues, especially, these expose community at risk. A recent report reveals that more than half of the population (approximately 69%) are affected with acute respiratory infection annually in Australia. The infection rate was higher among the young population and entails a major burden on the Austrian society (Metersky et al., 2012). Tuberculosis or TB is spread from one infected individual to another via air medium. Almost 1000cases of TB are identified annually in Australia, where more than 80% people are from various parts of the world (Barry et al., 2012). Indications include appetite loss, fatigue, fever and persistent cough. This disease is especially dangerous for immune compromised individuals and requires antibiotic administration. In the provided scenario, where influx of international and national athletes, spectators, support staff and tourists add stress on the local community, therefore, could increase the chance of public health risks, which might include the outbreak of communicable disease like Tuberculosis. Chicken pox exhibits flu-like indications like headache, sore throat and fever. Issues associated with this disease are lung infection, encephalitis, meningitis and so on. The varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is an etiologic agent of chicken pox. It is obtained through respiratory droplet inhalation by an individual from an affected person and thereby, referred to as airborne disease. The transmission may also take place via contact of vital vesicles however chance of such transmission is low. Children are more prone to get affected with this disease, where almost 90% of the incidences are taking place among the younger children with less than 10years. Chicken pox is benign among the healthy child but morbidity increases among the immunocompromised patients and adults (Carville, Riddell Kelly, 2010). Hepatitis A, B, C, D and E are the responsible viruses for hepatitis. Hepatitis C is a member of flavivirus family that reproduced multiple copies within the human liver cells. The virus does not directly kill the hepatic cells. But immune response is initiated due to viral presence within the liver that in turn causes inflammation and death of hepatic cells. It is evident that there are majorly six types of stains of HCV, where individual genotype contains a, b or c subtypes. Almost 54% prevalence of hepatitis is evident in Australia (Sievert et al., 2011). Health services capacity and identify critical control points The Hospital and Health Boards Act 2011authorises the Department of Health to issue health service instructions to various health services and hospitals. The instructions are issued to promote service integration and coordination, optimise efficient and effective use of resources, set policies and standards for the delivery of high and safe quality services. This further ensures stable service delivery approaches and support the application of legislation, state policies and other relevant agreements (McGorry, Bates Birchwood, 2013). Health services capacity are brief and emphasise on certain requirements and consequences that are yet to achieve by the health services and hospitals. The QAS or Queensland Ambulance Services provide patient care, high standard emergency treatment and transport for injured and the sick. It maintains current clinical practice standards and considers thoroughly developed statements depend upon the best available evidences. Problems are more likely to occur in detailed documentations of disease outbreak, vaccinations and other relevant health records of individuals, which should be maintained by respective health departments with incorporation of various databases. Monitoring includes scrutinies of the process, structure and outcome factors in the patient pathway. The public health advisors include evaluation of individual patient risks and isolate those risk factors such as: health status, treatment in hospitals, process, microbial sampling and so on. Role of transport access in affecting risk Buses, ferries, short-distance trains are easily available in the Gold Coast city. From this, it could be stated that in case of any disease outbreak, individuals would not face any problem in reaching to respective health certain to avail required health services (Li Hensher, 2011). Also, the QAS offers transport for the non-emergency patients, which enable pre-arranged visit to any medical facility for current treatment and transfer patients between medical facilities for different specialist treatments. References Barry, C., Warning, J., Stapledon, R., Konstantinos, A. (2016). Tuberculosis notifications in Australia, 2008 and 2009. Communicable Diseases Intelligence Quarterly Report, 36(1), 82-94. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23153084. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23153084) Bennett, J., Dolin, R., Blaser, M. (2014).Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases(1st ed.). 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