Role of Magnetic Field in Parkinsons Disease

function of Magnetic playing airfield in Parkinsons DiseaseRole of Magnetic theater in Diag noneis and intervention of Parkinsons DiseaseJehan Zaib Ali Khan, M.Phil.AbstractParkinsons distemper (PD) is a neurological disease. It is due to less production of dopamine in maven. There is no permanent intercession of this disease. notwithstanding with the course of time some serviceable techniques and medicines atomic number 18 developed for diagnosis and treatment, to control its signs. MRI and TMS argon also included in these techniques. Magnetic bailiwick is basic thing in these techniques. Role of magnetised field is truly useful to diagnose and to remediation this disease however there is rent of tho research and work to make these techniques more effective and safe. I have studied and reviewed different researches about these techniques and try to summarize the determination of magnetized field in this article.Keywords magnetised field (MF), magnetic tintin nabulation imaging (MRI), transcranial magnetic disguise (TMS), parkinsons disease (PD), deep brain simulation (DBS), repeated transcranial magnetic simulation (rTMS)IntroductionParkinsons disease is a neurological disorder. It is truly inveterate disease. Patients with this disease have enormous difficulty in movement. They also face non-motor complications like loss of appetite, quietness deprivation and incommode. There is no permanent solution of this disorder. But with the flight of time some techniques and medicines are developed for proper diagnosis and treatment to overcome its symptoms. Levodopa is a basic medicine to fulfill the requirement of dopamine because lack of dopamine in brain is the basic cause of this disease. But there are some brass effect of Levodopa. Levodopa-induced dyskinesias are a common complication of chronic dopaminergic therapy in patients with Parkinsons disease (PD). The overall preponderance of levodopa-induced dyskinesias blows from 40% -90% and is related to the underlying disease process, pharmacologic factors, and to the duration of advanced dose levodopa therapy.1 In that case anformer(a) method is inevitable to cure PD and overcome dyskinesias. For this decision artificial week magnetic palm sight be confine that have dramatic effect.1For diagnosis purpose magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is very useful. Another step in this direction is functional MRI which describes the neural mechanism of movement automaticity in PD patient.2Magnetic Field and Diagnosis of PDMRI uses knockout magnetic field, radio waves and computing machines to produce detailed photos of interior of form. It gives 3-D image representation of internal parts of body. In this way, it is very useful for diagnosis of PD. MRI s whoremasterner contains powerful magnets. A strong magnetic field is created by passing an electric genuine with the fit loops. During this process, other coils in the magnet send and receive radio waves. Th is triggers protons in the body to align themselves. Once aligned, radio waves are absorbed by the protons, which hotfoot spinning. Energy is released after exciting themolecules, which in turn emits energy signals that are picked up by the coil. This information is then sent to a computer which processes all the signals and generates it into an image.3Functional MRI is advance form of MRI. It can be used to investigate the underlying neural mechanisms of movement automaticity in Parkinsons disease patients.2 Deep brain comment (DBS) has become an efficient legal instrument in the symptomatic therapy of PD. Functional MRI can be used safely for this purpose. Positron emission tomography (PET) is used quite wide in studies dealing with DBS and with PD. fMRI has never used for this purpose but sanctuary of fMRI during thalamic DBS has been proven by a study with a heterogeneous group of patients suffering from neurological disorders.4 Single pulse transcranial magnetic simulation (TMS) can be used for investigating and diagnosis.5Magnetic Field and Treatment of PDIn 1992, it was reported that reported that extracranial treatment with picotesla range magnetic handle is an effective, safe, and revolutionary modality in the management of Parkinsonism. also for those patients, whom are facing levodopa-induced motor complications. 67 It also produces improvements in non-motor aspects like sleep, appetite, pain, mood and sexual behavior. A comprehensive study on a PD patient shows that magnetic field in the range of picotesla is very useful as antiparkinsonian. In this way it reduces the requirement of antiparkinsonian medicines like levodopa.7In 2008, healthful effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic comment (rTMS) were investigated by Toshiaki FURUKAWA and others in PD with cognitive dysfunction known as impaired set switching. They apply rTMS on six patients and monitor these patients by using different tests. They apply 0.2-Hz rTMS ove r the frontal region at an intensity of 1.2 x. They concluded that when unite with drug therapy and rehabilitation, rTMS appears to be useful for maintaining and improving function.8TMS basis on prescript of inductance to get electrical energy across the scalp and skull without the pain of direct percutaneous electrical stimulation. It involves placing a small coil of wire on the scalp and passing a powerful and rapidly changing current through it. This produces a magnetic field that passes unimpeded and relatively painlessly through the tissues of the head. Magnetic field induces week electrical current and to produce enough current to excite neurons in the brain, the current passed through the coil must change within a few carbon microseconds.5Transcranial magnetic simulation is very useful for treatment of this neurological disease but it is not permanent solution. A patient suffering from PD removes this therapy on regular basis. Sometimes medicines are also postulate besi des of this therapy. Therefore there is need of further research and investigating to improve that treatment of PD.8Although single pulse TMS is very useful for investigation purposes and rTMS is very useful for treatment but rTMS may be slanderous for by sack effects as well as the last(prenominal) history of possible misuse of electroconvulsive therapy. It can produce adverse effects on human body like headache, effects on hearing, kindling and effects on hormones. Metallic hardware near the coil can be moved or heated by TMS, presence of coat may be harmful.59 Therefore it needs to take some safety measures to control harmful effects of magnetic field. There should use simulation parameters in safe range like duration of rTMS, frequencies and intensities.5Future of MF in Diagnosis and Treatment of PDMagnetic field is very useful for treatment of diagnosis and treatment of PD. But there is need of further improvement of techniques based on the use of magnetic field. These tec hniques can become most suitable for patients of PD reducing harmful effects of MF. In the future, the long-term therapeutic effects of rTMS, particularly with regard to the frequency, stimulation intensity and rTMS coil-type, need to be investigated Further developments related to the application of rTMS in Parkinsons disease are expected.8ConclusionParkinsons disease is chronic disorder. There are different medicines and techniques for its diagnosis and treatment. For this purpose use of magnetic field and its effects are very valuable. By using assume amount of MF one can overcome the symptoms of PD. There are some side effects of its use for diagnosis and treatment. But these side effects can be controlled by taking some necessary steps. It will not be wrong, if I say that by further research and investigation MF can become a severe replacement of antiparkinson medicines.References1D. K. Sandyk R , Anninos PA, Tsagas N, Magnetic fields in the treatment of Parkinson s disease . PubMed Commons, vol. 63, p. 1342026.2T. Wu and M. Hallett, A functional MRI study of automatic movements in patients with Parkinsons disease, Brain, vol. 128, pp. 22502259, 2005.3T. M. Deserno, Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, 2010.4R. Jech, D. Urgosk, J. Tintera, a Nebuzelsk, J. Krsensk, R. Lisck, J. Roth, and E. Rzicka, Functional magnetic resonance imaging during deep brain stimulation a pilot study in four patients with Parkinsons disease., Mov. Disord., vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 112632, 2001.5E. M. Wassermann and E. M. Wassermann, Risk and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol., vol. 108, pp. 116, 1998.6Pulsed electromagnetic fields potentiate neurite outgrowth in the dopaminergic MN9D cell line . PubMed Commons, vol. 92, no. 6, p. 24523147.7R. Sandyk, Treatment of Parkinsons disease with magnetic fields reduces the requirement for antiparkinsonian medications., Int. J. Neurosci., vol. 74, pp. 191201.8T. Furukawa, S. Izumi, M. Toyokura, and Y. Masakado, Effects of Low-frequency instant Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson s Disease, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 6371, 2009.9P. M. Rossini, P. M. Rossini, S. Rossi, and S. Rossi, Transcranial magnetic stimulation diagnostic, therapeutic, and research potential, Neurology, vol. 68, p. 484, 2007.