Antibiotic Sensitivity Lab Essay Example for Free

antibiotic drug Sensitivity Lab EssayWhy is it an all-important(a) feature of antimicrobial agents? Selective toxicity is the major power of a chemical or drug to kill a micro being without harming its host. Selective toxicity is important to microbial agents because it enables these agents to preclude or kill a microorganism by interacting with microbial functions or structures diverse from those of the host thereby showing little or no effect to the host. B. What are broad and peg spectrum antimicrobials? What are the pros and cons of distributively?Broad spectrum antimicrobials are drugs that are effective against a wide variety of both gram positive and gram ostracize bacteria. Narrow spectrum antimicrobials are effective only against gram negative bacteria. Pros and cons of each Narrow spectrum microbial is prevalently better to use because they cause less damage to the bodys normal flora. They are less likely to cause drugs resistant strains of microorganisms be cause they are specific in nature and are less likely to cause super infection by opportunistic microorganisms like yeast infections.The briny disadvantages are that Narrow spectrum microbial sometimes is to a greater extent prone to allergic reaction to the host. Broad spectrum antimicrobials on the other hand also comport their own advantages in that they are able to deal with more than one kind of bacteria and as such one does not have to use drugs haphazardly reducing chances of allergic reactions and drug toxicity. The main disadvantage is that they cause more harm to the bodys normal flora. C. What is discipline selection? Direct selection is the selection of antibiotic-resistant normal floras in an individual whenever this individual is given an antibiotic.This go is normally accelerated significantly by either improper use or the overuse of antibiotics. D. What is the leaving between an antibiotic and an antimicrobial chemical? Antibiotics are substances that are produc ed as metabolic products of one micro-organism which are able to inhibit or kill other microorganisms. Antimicrobial chemicals are chemicals that are synthesized in a laboratory and can be used therapeutically on microorganisms. E. What is the mode of action for each of the following a. acitracin works by inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis in actively dividing bacteria which normally results in osmotic lysis. b. nystatin holds its antifungal activity by salad dressing to ergosterol found in fungal cell membranes. covert to ergosterol causes the formation of pores in the membrane. Potassium and other cellular constituents leak from the pores create cell death. c. tetracycline exert their bacteriostatic effect by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria.This antibiotic prevents transfer-RNA (tRNA) molecules from binding to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes. . ciprofloxin Contains agents that inhibit one or more enzymes in the DNA synthesis pathway F. Describe three mechanism s by which microbes might become resistant to the action of an antimicrobial drug? Microbes may become resistant by producing enzymes that will detoxify or inactivate the antibiotic such as penicillinase and other beta-lactamases. Microbes may also alter the target site in the bacterium to reduce or block binding of the antibiotic in the process producing a slightly modify ribosomal subunit that still functions but to which the drug cant bind.Microbes may also prevent the transport of the antimicrobial agent into the bacterium thereby producing an altered cytoplasmic membrane or outer membrane. G. Why do you think neglecting to finish a convinced(p) course of antibiotics might contribute to the rise of antibiotic resistance? If you dont finish the medication, all the bacteria causing the infection may not be killed. Then, the infection could come back in that same buns or even show up somewhere else. When the bacteria are undertreated, some of them may have enough time to have t hese mistakes occur in their DNA.Then, when they multiply, you get a bunch of bacteria that no longer respond to the antibiotics. H. What is a tube dilution rivulet? How is it used to determine susceptibility? Tube dilution test is one of the tests that can be used to tell which antimicrobial agent is most likely to fleck a specific pathogen. This test is conducted by preparing a series of culture tubes where each tube contains a liquid medium and a different concentration of an antimicrobial agent. These tubes are then inoculated with the test organism and then incubated. After the incubation they are examined for growth.